Journal Of
Polyphenols

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a globally prevalent disease with a continuously increasing incidence rate. Galloylated procyanidins (GPCs) are promising polyphenols for UC treatment. In this study, the protective eff ects of B2-3′-O-gallate (B2-3′-G), a typical GPC derived from grape seeds, were explored for the fi rst time using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model. Treatment with B2-3′-G obviously mitigated body weight loss and reduced the Disease Activity Index (DAI). DSS-triggered splenomegaly and colonic shortening were also relieved after B2-3′-G administration. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining results indicated that B2-3′-G preserved the integrity of colonic mucosa, restored crypt morphology and inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration. Alcian Blue/Periodic Acid-Schiff (AB-PAS) staining further showed that B2-3′-G treatment increased the number of goblet cells, enhanced mucus secretion, and improved the continuity and thickness of the intestinal mucus layer. Collectively, these results confirm that B2-3′-G alleviates DSS-induced colitis by reducing intestinal inflammation and restoring colonic barrier function.